In the article Associations Between Maternal Mental Health and Child Emotional and Behavioral Problems: Does Prenatal Mental Health Matter? by Julie A. Leis, Jon Heron, Elizabeth A. Stuart, and Tamar Mendelson, the authors try to connect the long term effects with prenatal depression in children in a study. This study was a way to examine the impact of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety during pregnancy on offspring emotional and behavioral problems in mid to late childhood. For this study the researchers sought to determine the influence of symptoms of prenatal depression and prenatal anxiety on child emotional and behavioral problems. The study involved 2,891 women and their children (49 % male) (51% female), from a prospective, community-based, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. There were three hypotheses, the first hypothesis was that elevated symptoms of (1) prenatal depression and (2) prenatal anxiety will each be significantly associated with offspring emotional and behavioral problems. The third hypothesis was that, compared with mothers who have prenatal depression or anxiety only, those with elevated symptoms of both prenatal depression and prenatal anxiety will be more likely to have offspring with emotional and behavioral problems.