
Discoveries at Dangermond
Highlighting impactful research and exciting stories from “the last perfect place” in California: the Jack and Laura Dangermond Preserve.
Introduction to the Preserve
The Jack and Laura Dangermond Preserve sits on the coast of Southern California.
This 24,000-acre piece of land has remained mostly undeveloped for nearly 100 years.
The Preserve offers an extraordinary setting to practice conservation and restoration work and research.
History of the Land
1700s
The Preserve includes the unceded lands of the Chumash people, a collection of sovereign native tribes who have lived in this area several millennia before Spanish missions were established in the 1700’s.
1800s
Many changes follow the establishment of California statehood in 1850. The Point Conception lighthouse is completed in 1852, The Southern Pacific Railroad reaches Pt. Conception in 190, and The Santa Ynez Reservation is established in 1901.
1913
The land is bought by Fred J. Bixby and is managed as a cattle ranch.
2017
The Nature Conservancy acquires the Dangermond Preserve through a generous gift from Jack and Laura Dangermond.
Today
The Preserve, which is home to close to 700 species of plants and animals, is a thriving space for scientific research, environmental education, and cultural preservation.
Since 2017, researchers have conducted more than 60 projects at the Preserve to understand the landscape, conserve its natural and cultural resources, and develop interdisciplinary techniques to improve the efficacy of conservation strategies.
Through collaborative research and applied restoration, the Dangermond Preserve is becoming a platform from which to understand and prepare for the regional effects of climate change.
Hear from Stewardship Manager Moses Katkowski about what makes Dangermond a special place.
Continue on to learn about several of the Preserve's extraordinary projects centered around sustainable grazing, restoration, and water.
Fire Management
The Dangermond Preserve is a historic piece of California’s natural heritage, which was a working cattle ranch from the Spanish land grant era until the Nature Conservancy purchased the land in 2017.
Today, the Preserve, still home to a herd of about 700 cattle, is managed by the Rangeland Management Team to strategically graze the Preserve. The cattle help maintain 5 different types of ecosystems across Dangermond and, through their grazing, help keep each ecosystem healthy, and reduce fuel loads and the risk of wildfires.
Photo: Ranch Landscape. © Matthew Davis / The Nature Conservancy
Meet the Researcher
Moses Katkowski, Stewardship Manager
Moses Katkowski
Moses Katkowski loves that his job allows him to be in the field almost every day. Above all, he enjoys the process of preserving the land, including implementing restoration projects and, over time, observing the land’s response.
“Something that appeals to me about the job is just being here every day and thinking about what we can do to make this place better beyond the borders of the property.”
Moses is interested in how the work being done at Dangermond Preserve can provide insight into more effective and efficient land management practices. An important part of his job has been implementing different cattle grazing techniques and monitoring the land’s health and fire resilience. This information helps the Rangeland Management Team better care for the Preserve’s ecosystems.
“I hope to make this Preserve, this land, better than I found it by using science, experience, and observation to make informed decisions."
Moses and his team experiment with different rangeland management techniques influenced by previous research, cattle ranchers, and indigenous knowledge.
Pastures cover the Preserve.
By rotating the herd through different sections of the Preserve, the cattle can graze on dry vegetation that could catch and spread fire quickly. The team is hopeful that this grazing will reduce fire risk across Dangermond.
Currently, the management team is observing the impacts of these techniques and refining best practices, including discovering the optimal grazing rotation schedule to reduce plants that could act as fuel for wildfires.
Over time, the most effective methods can be used at Dangermond and other landscapes to improve rangeland management across California.
Restoration
Dangermond is not only home to diverse plants and wildlife, it is also a hub for restoration research. Researchers have been working to restore the land inhabited by both native and invasive plants and wildlife.
Photo: Dangermond Preserve, California. © Bill Marr / The Nature Conservancy
The primary restoration projects are scattered throughout the Preserve.
These projects include coast live oak restoration...
ice plant removal...
and steelhead barrier removal.
So how are all these projects being accomplished?
Meet the Researcher
Laura Riege
Laura Riege, Restoration Manager
Laura Riege enjoys contributing to the restoration efforts at the preserve. The part she likes most about her work is watching landscapes return to a healthy state.
“My favorite part is seeing it happen. Every single time I drive over the hills I get excited to see the oak trees grow."
She is also intrigued by the challenges presented by her projects. For the ice plant removal project in particular, the scale of restoration that is necessary is both daunting and exciting.
Laura finds her work at Dangermond to be incredibly rewarding. She remembers one important milestone on the oak restoration project, when she found out that native wildlife could bypass the fencing that protects young oaks from invasive wild pigs – a wildlife camera had captured a huge buck within the coast live oak restoration area! Later, a crew watched a bobcat slide right through one of the holes in the fencing.
Laura and her team have made significant progress toward restoring coast, woodland, and freshwater habitats to their natural functions through research and field work.
Oak Restoration
Over 6,000 oak trees, saplings, and acorns have been planted across 150 acres of Dangermond’s oak woodlands, transforming former agricultural fields back to healthy oak habitat.
The different replanting, irrigation, and other management techniques that Laura and her team are experimenting with will ultimately reveal the optimal methodology for supporting young oak trees, aiding oak woodland restoration both in the Preserve and in other oak habitats in California. To see the latest progress for this project, visit The Oak Restoration Dashboard .
Ice Plant Removal
Ice plant is a persistent invasive species that dominates much of the coastal landscape across California and has proved difficult to remove.
A group of researchers and volunteers are determining the most efficient methods to remove ice plant from 300 acres of the Preserve. Ice plant removal has never occurred at this scale before and this research should help to inform other removal projects throughout the state.
Removing ice plant will make space for the team to restore natural coastal bluffs and native plant species.
Interested in getting involved? Join Laura and volunteers by becoming a Weed Warrior!
Contact the team at dangermond-preserve@tnc.org for more information.
Fish Barrier Removal
Dangermond’s streams are important habitat for endangered steelhead trout. The restoration team is working to remove human-made barriers, such as concrete dams and bridges from Jalama Creek, which could allow steelhead to return to the creek to spawn.
These projects are restoring ecosystems across the Preserve and helping native plants and animals adapt to climate change. Over time, these projects will inform best practices for oak restoration and ice plant removal that can be applied across the Preserve and, eventually, throughout the state of California.
Freshwater Resources
Dangermond Preserve encompasses 24,364 acres of preserved land and includes most of the Jalama Creek Watershed. It is unusual for an entire watershed to be managed under one private owner, making research at Dangermond a unique opportunity.
Across Dangermond's freshwater aquifers and streams, a team of researchers is studying the movement of rainwater. As California experiences more frequent drought conditions due to climate change, understanding where water goes after storms and when it becomes available for use is critical for providing Californians with water.
Meet the Researcher
Dr. Scott Jasechko
Dr. Scott Jasechko, Associate Professor at the Bren School of Environmental Science & Mangement
Dr. Scott Jasechko was drawn to water research because of his curiosity about the fate of freshwater and how the geology of natural areas influences where water goes. He particularly enjoys working on the Preserve, calling it an “awe-inspiring setting to do research.”
Scott is most interested in understanding changes in hydrology that happen during, or soon after, rainstorms. Safely accessing field sites to collect data shortly after storms can be challenging due to high water flows. Despite these circumstances, they put on their waterproof gear and gather data at streams across the Preserve to make predictions about water availability changes in the face of climate change.
Since 2018, the research team has sampled more than 1,800 water bodies across Dangermond and tracked the movement of water in real-time. They have estimated aquifer replenishment, changes in streamflow, and well water levels...
by placing stream gauges...
and well water sampling stations. The researchers determined the “age” of water throughout the watershed and found that it can take decades for rainwater to flow through the ground and reach streams.
The water in one consistently flowing stream at Dangermond, called Escondido Creek, is estimated to be at least 70 years old. This implies that water can move very slowly on its way to a creek, a powerful finding given that water availability in California is expected to decrease due to climate change. These results may indicate that streamflow is resilient to short and long term changes in precipitation due to climate change.
Learn more about Scott and his team's water research projects here .
The Last Perfect Place
These stories encompass only a handful of the many ongoing research projects at the Preserve. All of this work has lasting impacts on the wellness of the Preserve and contributes to the solutions we can use to conserve wild and working lands impacted by climate change.
Check out At Nature's Crossroads to discover the Preserve's diverse habitat types, the multitude of species it supports, and its overall ecological significance.
Read more about the Jack and Laura Dangermond Preserve , its unique nature, and the importance of conserving this vibrant piece of land.
You can make an impactful contribution to these incredible research projects (and many more!) by donating to the Dangermond Preserve today.
Photo: Dangermond Sunset. © Matthew Davis / The Nature Conservancy