Water Crisis in Canada’s First Nations Communities 

Canada's Water Crisis: Indigenous Families at Risk (Human Rights Watch, 2016)

Health Canada issues three types of drinking water advisories: "Boil Water", "Do Not Consume", and "Do Not Use" advisories.

The Current Status of Drinking Water Advisories in First Nations Communities

Government Response to the First Nations Water Crisis

Why the Problem Persists

What Are the Impacts

Beyond Physical: Multiple Dimensions of the Water Crisis on Canada’s First Nations

Source: Based on data provided by Statistics Canada and Assembly of First Nations (2021)

Recognizing the historical and ongoing marginalization and disadvantage that First Nations peoples face in Canada is important for contextualizing the future discussion on achieving clean drinking water in First Nations communities. 

Baijius, W., Patrick, R. (2019). “We Don’t Drink the Water Here”: The Reproduction of Undrinkable Water for First Nations in Canada. Water, 11 (1109). doi: 10.3390/w11051079

Galway L. P. (2016). Boiling over: A descriptive analysis of drinking water advisories in First Nations Communities in Ontario, Canada. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17, 13(505). doi: 10.3390/ijerph13050505.

Morrison, A., Bradford, L., & Bharadwaj, L. (2015). Quantifiable progress of the First Nations Water Management Strategy, 2001–2013: Ready for regulation? Canadian Water Resources Journal, 40(4). doi:10.1080/07011784.2015.1080124

Source: Based on data provided by Statistics Canada and Assembly of First Nations (2021)