Exploring African Built Heritage in Porto-Novo, Benin

Introduction

In December, a team from Northeastern University embarked on a transformative journey funded by the Tier-1 research grant. The project focuses on the digital preservation of African-built heritage through innovative technologies and community collaboration.

Northeastern Team Members

• K. Mokwete - Assistant Professor, Architecture
• P. Davis - Associate Professor, Communications Studies
• J. Parr - Professor of the Practice, History, and Digital Humanities
• B. Sanaie-Movahed - GIS Specialist, Research Data Services, Library
• H. Haruna - History PhD student
• G. Gershman - Architecture Student

Project Overview

The interdisciplinary team employed LiDAR 3D scanning technology, geospatial analysis, and oral history to document heritage buildings. The collaboration with Benin École du Patrimoine Africain (EPA) and local custodians emphasized community participation in preserving cultural memories.

Contextualizing Benin's Heritage

Built Heritage in Benin

Benin, located on the west coast of Africa, boasts a rich history dating back to the 15th century. Porto-Novo, the capital, holds significant structures like the Honmé Museum and Vodun temples. The Aguda architecture, influenced by Afro-Brazilian returnees, adds a unique layer to the city's urban morphology.

Heritage Buildings Explored

1. Royal Palace Musée Honmé: A historical site dating to 1688, showcasing traditional Beninese architecture. Added to UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List in 1996.
2. Temple des Zangbeto: A conical structure serving as a hub for traditional guardians of the night, reflecting local security traditions.
3. Vodùn Places - Place du Migan: A project led by Urban Eclosions aimed at rehabilitating traditional Vodùn squares, preserving intangible heritage.
4. Aguda Architecture: Afro-Brazilian influence on Porto-Novo's urban landscape, exemplified by unique building styles.
5. Grande Mosquée: A marvel of Aguda architecture, showcasing the fusion of architectural influences.
6. Colonial Buildings - EPA Buildings: Expressing colonial styles gifted to EPA in 1996, highlighting European architectural influences.

Data Gathering Techniques

The commitment to preserving Porto-Novo's cultural heritage extends beyond LiDAR scanning, embracing a multi-faceted methodology to capture both spatial and narrative dimensions.

1. LiDAR Scanning: The team employed the BLK 360 LiDAR scanner and Cyclone FIELD 360, engaging in meticulous 3D data acquisition, delving into the intricacies of architectural structures.
2. Photographic Documentation: Beyond LiDAR scans, the essence of Porto-Novo's heritage was captured through detailed photographic documentation, providing a visual complement to the spatial data gathered.
3. ArcGIS Technology: Leveraging the power of ArcGIS tools, including Field Data Collector and Survey123, a comprehensive database and precise mapping were created. This deployment transcended conventional boundaries, revolutionizing the data collection process.
4. iPad-Powered Geospatial Data Collection: The essential GIS data for the endeavor was collected seamlessly using iPads. This streamlined and efficient approach ensured accuracy and agility in the data gathering process.
5. Multi-Modal Insights: The pursuit of a comprehensive understanding led the team to employ a multi-modal approach. Interviews with key stakeholders, including officials from the Grand Mosque and heritage authorities, were conducted and recorded using Zoom recorders and iPhone Voice Memos. This integration of spatial and narrative data provides a more holistic perspective on Porto-Novo's rich cultural heritage. The audience is invited to join the exploration as the layers of history and culture are unraveled, employing cutting-edge technology and a multi-sensory approach to preserve and celebrate the vibrant legacy of Porto-Novo.

Google Maps Journey Log

During their expedition in Porto-Novo, Benin, the team seamlessly integrated technology into their travel experience with the aid of Google Maps. Acting as their virtual compass, Google Maps became an invaluable tool for documenting their journey in real-time. In the heart of Porto-Novo, Benin, Google Maps emerged as their unwavering guide. Even with limited internet connectivity ('E'), it became an invaluable asset, allowing seamless data access. This resilience transformed their digital travelogue, demonstrating that, with Google Maps, exploration transcends connectivity challenges. Whether uncovering hidden gems, marking significant heritage sites, or simply navigating through the vibrant streets of Porto-Novo, Google Maps served as their reliable travel companion. With a few taps, they saved key locations, allowing them to create a comprehensive geographic log of their expedition. This digital travelogue on Google Maps provides an interactive and dynamic dimension to their exploration. Audiences are invited to embark on the journey virtually, retracing their steps and discovering the rich cultural tapestry of Porto-Novo through the lens of modern mapping technology. Click the button below to explore the journey on Google Maps and immerse yourself in the geospatial narrative of their unforgettable adventure.

Surveying Heritage Sites

The map below serves as a captivating portal, not only pinpointing the locations of the five primary heritage buildings we studied but also highlighting other distinctive architectural gems scattered throughout the city. This intricate map is more than a mere geographic guide; it is a digital repository of Porto-Novo's architectural legacy. Each marked point tells a story of historical significance, cultural resonance, and the enduring spirit of the city. Beyond the main focal points of our study, we've curated a collection of standing-out architectures, providing a holistic view of Porto-Novo's diverse and captivating built environment.

Audio samples

Royal Palace Musée Honmé

Discover the Royal Palace Musée Honmé. Walk through its halls and learn about Benin's royal legacy. Cameras were off-limits, but our guide's YouTube tour offers a virtual glimpse into the palace's grandeur. At 8:16 in the video, delve into the museum's treasures. Explore its wonders with our guide's expert narration:

The ArcGIS Data Hub

To ensure the longevity of the project, an 'ArcGIS Data Hub for Benin Travel' will serve as a centralized repository for maps, photos, and travel narratives. This hub will showcase immersive StoryMaps, providing an interactive exploration of the cultural heritage encountered.

Journey Snippets

The Northeastern team's journey in Porto-Novo not only contributes to the preservation of African built heritage but also bridges technology, culture, and history. The story unfolds through LiDAR scans, photographs, and GIS mapping, creating a valuable resource for future preservation efforts.