Downtown Boulder Civic Area
A Layered History
The city processed a proposed historic district that would have extended from just west of the Municipal Building to 14th Street and from Canyon Boulevard to Arapahoe Avenue. It included Central Park and five city-owned buildings that are already designated as historic landmarks: the Penfield Tate II Municipal Building, the Glen Huntington Bandshell, the Midland Savings & Loan – Atrium Building, the Dushanbe Teahouse and the City Storage Building.
While the historic district designation of this area was denied, the application process gave the city and our partners the opportunity to explore the history of the area, tell storied that have gone untold and correct harmful narratives.
This history focuses on this area, which is a portion of Boulder’s Civic Area.
Land Acknowledgment
The City of Boulder has developed a staff land acknowledgment that is based on the city's Indigenous Peoples Day Resolution and was developed with guidance and feedback from American Indian Tribal Nations and the Boulder community.
The City of Boulder acknowledges the city is on the ancestral homelands and unceded territory of Indigenous Peoples who have traversed, lived in and stewarded lands in the Boulder Valley since time immemorial. Those Indigenous Nations include the: Di De’i (Apache), Hinono’eiteen (Arapaho), Tsétsėhéstȧhese (Cheyenne), Nʉmʉnʉʉ (Comanche), Caiugu (Kiowa), Čariks i Čariks (Pawnee), Sosonih (Shoshone), Oc'eti S'akowin (Sioux) and Núuchiu (Ute). We honor and respect the people of these Nations and their ancestors. We also recognize that Indigenous knowledge, oral histories and languages handed down through generations have shaped profound cultural and spiritual connections with Boulder-area lands and ecosystems — connections that are sustained and celebrated to this day.
The City of Boulder recognizes that those now living and working on these ancestral lands have a responsibility to acknowledge and address the past. The city refutes past justifications for the colonization of Indigenous lands and acknowledges a legacy of oppression that has caused intergenerational trauma to Indigenous Peoples and families. We must not only acknowledge our part but work to build a more just future. We are committed to taking action beyond these words. We pledge to use this land acknowledgment to help inspire education and reflection and initiate meaningful action to support Indigenous Nations, communities and organizations.
Timeline
Pre-1850s
The creek side land is a sacred and essential part of the ancestral homelands of Indigenous Peoples who have lived on and travelled through them since time immemorial. Boulder has an archival silence, or gap, in our historical record, for the Native American/Indigenous perspective of history. We acknowledge that a majority of archival materials focus on the perspective of the white and European settlers of the Boulder Valley.
1859
Boulder City Town Company ignored the 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie, also known as the Horse Creek Treaty, and claimed 1,280 acres alongside Boulder Creek to establish the future town.
1870s
In 1871, the City of Boulder was officially incorporated and the first elections were held the next year. Railroads arrived in Boulder in 1873. This is also the first record of houses constructed along the Creek near 11 th Street and Water Street. Three ditches were dug across the area by 1871, co-located in a drainageway known as the slough and used to provide irrigation to farms.
1880s
Train lines and the freight depot at 10 th Street and Water Street were completed.
1890s
The 1890s were marked by a catastrophic flood in 1894, followed by a smaller flood in 1897. This area proved to be challenging for residents as it is within the floodplain, however, despite the risk and property damage, many residents remained due to lack of options.
Both Black and white residents lived in the six houses along the north side of the creek between Broadway and 9 th Street. Some were long-term residents, while others stayed for a short time. A few houses served as brothels and for bootleggers.
A new passenger depot opened at 14 th Street and Water Street.
1900s
Commercial buildings were constructed in the area due to the proximity to the rail lines, notably a coal gasification plant, a fruit warehouse and the City Storage and Transfer Building.
In 1907, the Boulder City Improvement Association contacted Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. to request advice on “how to improve our city as to parks, boulevards and general plans for Civic betterment.”
1910s
New electric trains required additional power, so the Colorado & Southern Railway Company bought all the properties and residences between 12 th (Broadway) Street and 11 th Street so they could construct an electric substation. There are records of one house selling for $3,000, but no records for some of the others. All residents were required to vacate.
Olmsted, Jr. published a report that included advice on flood preparation, drawing focus to the creek: “…keeping open for public use, near the heart of the city, a simple piece of pretty bottom-land of the very sort that Boulder Creek has been flooding over countless centuries, of growing a few tough old trees on it and a few bushes, and of keeping the main part of the ground as a simple, open common, where the children can play and over which the wonderful views of the foothills can be obtained at their best from the shaded paths and roads along the embankment edge – this would give a piece of recreation ground worth a great deal to the people. And at the same time it is probably the cheapest way of handling the flood problem of Boulder Creek.” In 1914, a flood destroyed the iron 12 th Street (Broadway) Bridge, built in 1881.
1919
An official City Park and Planning Commission was created in 1919 and the group reviewed plans for the “proposed site along Boulder Creek from 12 th to 17 th … [including] swimming pool … band stand and amphitheater, baseball fields, playgrounds and tennis … a Memorial monument that is to be donated to the park by the Boulder Post of the American Legion.” A $100,000 bond would provide the funding for the proposed amenities.
1920s
The bond issue was annulled by the State when the vote was deemed too close to call. Plans for the Memorial Park were put on hold. A new concrete 12 th Street Bridge and dam to divert water from the creek to the Slough was completed.
The city began to purchase the lots between 10 th and 11 th streets. Newspapers of the time described the area as a “shanty town” and “the Jungle.” In 2023, we recognize this as an act which dehumanized residents and justified their displacement. This description had not been used before this point, and the area was not commonly referred to this way.
1923
Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. prepared a “Report on the Improvement of Boulder Creek” for the area that spanned the length of the creek from 9 th to 17 th streets, with the intention of mitigating flood damage. The plan was to be funded by a new parks bond, but the bond issue failed at the polls, so the city moved forward with a plan for a smaller area. Olmsted, Jr.'s firm, the Olmsted Brothers, prepared plans for “Park and Boulder Creek”, establishing Central Park as we know it today.
1925
The city began to purchase all remaining privately-owned land in Central Park and the area north of the creek between 10 th and 12 th (Broadway) streets. All of the remaining buildings had been demolished by 1928. By this time, most of the houses and land had been sold to the city, and the remaining residents were presented as “squatters” in the newspapers. All were forced to sell and vacate, and the remaining buildings were demolished by 1928. The earliest photograph of Central Park (above) from 1925 shows a newly-planted lawn covering the area that once was greenhouses and a brick house.
1930s
The Lions Club requested a site for a bandshell “… dedicated to the enjoyment of citizens of Boulder and to the advancement of music” and asked for advice from Saco R. DeBoer, an urban planer, on the best location. The Bandshell, designed by Glen Huntington, was constructed in Central Park in 1938.
1940s
The Planning and Parks Commission asked DeBoer for a proposal to review the area and select a site for a new city hall. Much of his proposal, including a boulevard along Boulder Creek, was never realized.
1950s
The Municipal Building, designated by local modernist James Hunter, was completed in 1951. Benches and flood lights were added to the Bandshell and concerts were organized. A train car monument was located in Central Park as “a Memorial to Boulder’s Railroad and Mining Pioneers.” The caboose was destroyed in 1958 by vandals.
1960s
The railway tracks were removed from Canyon Blvd.
An addition to the Municipal Building, designed by Hobart Wagener, was constructed on the west side of the building. The library, designed by James Hunter, was constructed on the north side of the Creek between 9 th and 10 th streets. The area between the new library and the Municipal Building was developed into a parking lot and a creekside park. The Atrium Building was constructed in 1969 for Midland Savings & Loan. Counterculture activists, many in opposition to the Vietnam War, came to Boulder to advocate for peace. These “flower children” gathered publicly, with a prevalence of recreational drugs, and often lived on public land. While residents of Boulder enjoyed Central Park for recreation and the Bandshell for concerts and events, some became concerned about the open drug use and public displays of the counterculture movement. To address this, by the late 1960s, the City Manager banned outdoor concerts in Central Park to try to deter this “hippie element.”
1970s
A special election in 1970 failed to provide bond funds to reinvent the Civic Area with a second Municipal Building, conference center, science museum and theater.
The train monument caboose, which was destroyed in 1958 by vandals, was replaced in 1975 after a community-led fundraising drive.
Boulder merchants demanded that the police act on removing “large number of street people in Central Park.”
1980s
The Dushanbe Teahouse was accepted as a gift and “an important symbol of international friendship” from the people of Dushanbe and Khujand (Leninabad), Tajikistan. The teahouse was constructed in Tajikistan and then disassembled, packed into crates and shipped to the United States.
The Boulder Creek Path was constructed through Central Park alongside the creek, realizing Frederick Law Olmsted Jr.’s vision 80 years prior. Free summer concerts were promoted for the park featuring “music by a variety of professional Boulder musicians.” Since 1987, the Farmers Market has been held on 13th Street next to the park. An earlier market was located in front of the Boulder County Courthouse on Pearl Street.
1990s
The City Council voted to locate the Dushanbe Teahouse on the site of the gas plant at 1770 13 th St. and to create the Civic Plaza to the north of the Teahouse site.
A plan was developed for the Central Park Area that proposed moving or demolishing the Bandshell. A community-led effort to “Save the Bandshell” resulted in the historic designation of the structure and a portion of its site. The Bandshell was subsequently renovated, including replacement of its plywood exterior. The Bandshell was officially renamed after Glen Huntington.
2000s to present
Following additional vandalism, the train cars were relocated to the Colorado Railroad Museum in Golden. Circulation paths were widened and repaved. The Sister Cities Plaza on the east side of the municipal building was completed in 2007. Performances and events helped renew interest in the municipal area. The Municipal Building was designated as an individual local landmark in 2009 (renamed the Penfield Tate II Municipal Building in 2020), the Boulder-Dushanbe Teahouse was designated in 2020, and the Atrium Building was designated in 2022. Learn more about the Historic Landmarks in the map tour below.
Take a Tour
Take a tour through the landmarks, buildings, housing and history of the Civic Area. Scroll through each pin on the map to learn more about the locations.
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1
Passenger Depot
In 1891, the city had no public parks. The County Courthouse was built on the original town square after a lot of arguing that the square should be kept as a place to gather.
At the time, the train depot was in the middle of 14th Street with the front facing north, away from the tracks on Water St. An opinion piece in the newspaper in 1891, noted how important it was to keep the lawn area and fountain to the north of the passenger depot “a perfect fairy land so that the first impressions of tourists may be favorable.” This was considered one of Boulder’s first “parks.”
2
Boulder County Fruit Growers Association
There were never very many buildings on the block between 13 th and 14 th streets. The simple building at the corner of 14 th Street and Water Street was replaced by 1904 by a brick building for the Boulder County Fruit Growers Association. They used the building to store fruit that would be transported by train. The building became Foster Honey and Mercantile by 1922. By 1931, the buildings were vacant.
3
The Atrium
Lyon Lumber Company opened on the corner of 13 th Street and Water Street before 1925 to take advantage of the rail lines close by. It became Mawson and Bradfield Lumber Company around 1931. At the time, there were many lumber companies in this area. After the lumber yard was demolished, the Midland Savings and Loan-Atrium Building was built on the lot. It was designed by noted modern architect Hobart Wagener in 1969. The Atrium Building was designated a City of Boulder Landmark in 2022.
4
Boulder–Dushanbe Teahouse
A gas manufacturing plant covered the southern half of the block (where the Boulder-Dushanbe Teahouse, Plaza, and parking lot is today). The company was started in 1902 as the Boulder Gaslight and Fuel Company to manufacture heating, cooking, and illuminating (streetlight) gas from oil and coal. The Federal Gas Company operated the plant until 1926, when they sold it to the Public Service Company of Colorado for $2. After that, the plant was kept for emergencies until it was dismantled in 1953. The properties were sold to Watts-Hardy Inc. in 1965, who then sold the lots to the City of Boulder for $282,000. In 1998, it was chosen as a location for the Boulder–Dushanbe Teahouse, which was gifted to the City of Boulder from the people of Tajikistan in 1989 as “an important symbol of international friendship.” The Boulder-Dushanbe Teahouse was designated a City of Boulder Landmark in 2020.
5
City Storage and Transfer
Just south of the Boulder and White Rock Irrigation Ditch, the Larson Brothers built their City Storage and Transfer Company. They constructed the brick storage building, offices and a house on the lot in 1906. Martin Bakka Larson lived here with his brother Knudt. The Larson Brothers were born to Norwegian parents. Older brother Martin was born in Iowa in 1868 and came to Boulder for his health in about 1893. He was an expressman in 1900 and lived at 505 Arapahoe Ave. with his younger brothers Knudt and Nels, who both worked as day laborers. Martin operated the storage and transfer business until his death in 1938. The business continued at this location until 1961. The brick warehouse is all that remains of their business, and in 1976 was renamed the Boulder Arts Center. It became the Boulder Center for the Visual Arts (BCVA) after a rear gallery was added in 1979. In 1992, the center became the Boulder Museum of Contemporary Art (BMoCA) and was designated a City of Boulder landmark.
6
Glen Huntington Bandshell
In 1906, the name Railroad Park first appears on the maps. This was an area of cottonwood trees owned by the railroad company, and is shown with a fence surrounding it on a 1909 map. In 1917, the city proposed that the area be open to the community as an autopark. Autoparks were becoming popular as cars became more common place, and were a place to park, camp and picnic. The city proposed adding running water and closets (bathrooms) for “a really delightful place made out for picnics and camping out by transients or citizens.” The autopark was never opened in this location as places were developed further west, but Railroad Park stayed an open spot filled with cottonwood trees until the city started to create Central Park in the 1920s.
In 1937, City Manager H.C. McClintock reported to the Boulder Planning and Parks Commission that the Lions Club wanted to construct a bandshell for public concerts. The commission asked Denver-based city planner S.R. DeBoer to recommend a site. DeBoer wrote: “I have checked over every possible site in the city, and I believe that Central Park is the only location at the present time. With the location of the proposed City Hall in the east end of the park, I would suggest that the band stand be located on the north line against the railroad right of way, approximately in the middle of the park. If this site meets with your approval, I shall draw up a sketch showing my ideas in regard to the treatment of the band stand and the grounds around it.”
In 1938, Boulder architect Glen Huntington designed the Bandshell, and the Boulder Lions Club donated it to the city. The seats were added in 1950. The Bandshell, seating and site was designated a City of Boulder landmark in 1995.
7
Brick House
This brick house was in the middle of today’s Central Park, just north of the irrigation ditch. It was built before 1874, maybe by Neil McKenzie, who owned the land but never lived there. By 1890, it had four porches, one on each side of the building. A photograph from around 1895 shows women wearing nurse’s uniforms on the front porch.
In 1902, Mrs. Hannah E. Rainger lived in the house. Hannah was born in 1859. She was white, and divorced with three children.
By 1911, Max Solomon and family lived in the house. Max was born in 1864 and immigrated from Poland in 1888. He lived in the house with his wife, Dora, also originally from Poland, and children Fannie, Minnie and Evelyn. Max was a “junk dealer” (an early recycler) in 1920.
The house and land was sold to the City of Boulder in 1919 when Neil McKenzie died. The house was demolished sometime between 1922 and 1925 to create Central Park.
8
Haenselman Greenhouses
There were greenhouses in the park right next to the Broadway Bridge, built in 1896 for Mrs. M. L. Taylor, who operated a florist, greenhouse and nursery.
Around 1906, Ferdinand and Carrie Haenselman moved from Denver and rented the Taylor Greenhouses. Ferdinand was born in 1861 and worked as a florist in Denver. In the 1920 Federal Census, Ferdinand, and his children Wilhelmina (Minnie) and Carl are all listed as working at the greenhouses. Ferdinand died in 1920, and Carl took over the business with wife, Orian. They moved their business before 1925.
Mrs. Louise Cheney Buckingham, one of the first Park Commissioners remembered how the greenhouses looked in about 1920: “On 14 th St. down to the bridge, down to Arapahoe, and then up Arapahoe to Broadway was an old green house, kind of tumbled down and the rest was a dumping ground. We decided that this was the first thing that needed attention. So the man moved his green house and he went down to where Copeland is now. We tore it down and smoothed it out and converted it into a park and called it Central Park.”
9
Commercial Row
This row of brick buildings was built right after Boulder Creek flooded in 1894. In 1900, the buildings were occupied by offices, a pop factory and Joseph Bevier Sturtevant’s photography studio. Sturtevant’s brick building cost $400 to build, about $15,000 today. The row of buildings were demolished in 1951 to make space for the new Municipal Building.
10
1120 Water St.
William and Mary Littlejohn bought 1120 Water St. in 1877 for $300. William then spent $1,000 to construct a house on the property, about $30,000 today. The Littlejohns sold a piece of the land to the railway company in 1885 for $600, so the railway company could build a bridge over the creek and make a spur that headed south from the main tracks along Water St.
William and Mary sold the house to Jennie Johnson in 1900. Jennie Johnson was born in 1866 in Virginia and worked as a laundress. Although she was Black, her lodger Frederick Dart, was white. Dart was born in 1860 and worked as a harness maker. Jennie Johnson moved from 1140 Water St. to 1034 Water St. (one block west) in 1910. We found no record of Colorado & Southern or Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad purchasing property, however, the house was demolished in 1910 for construction of the railway substation.
11
1128 Water St.
Maryetta Kingsley owned four properties in the area by 1896, including this one at 1128 Water St. This property was one of the earliest that was developed on this block. Maryetta reported in the census that she was born in 1860 in Scotland, but historians think that she was born around 1827. She is listed in the 1900 census as a “fancy house keeper,” a Victorian euphemism for the head of household in a brothel. This is quite possible, as Maryetta paid $34.30 in 1894 for a fine and costs levied “against inmates of her house”, which is about $1,200 in 2023. The location of Maryetta’s businesses right next to the train tracks was very upsetting to vocal affluent city residents, especially middle-class women. From the 1880s and well into the 1890s, they led a campaign to shutter the brothel businesses that they thought would upset tourists arriving by train.
Annie Campbell inherited 1128 Water St. after Maryetta died in 1902. Annie’s husband, John Campbell sold the lots to Colorado and Southern Railroad for $1,500 in 1910. The building was demolished in 1910 to construct a substation.
12
1104 Water St.
Maryetta Kingsley purchased 1104 Water St. on the southeast corner of 11 th St. and Water St. in 1892 for $150. She sold the lot to Elizabeth “Lizzie” Tipton in 1899. According to the 1900 census, Lizzie was born in 1844 in Illinois. She was white and married to William Tipton, also white, who was also born in Illinois in 1854. In the 1896 City Directory, William F. Tipton is listed “below 9 th St. between Boulder Creek and the railroad” and worked as a laborer. By 1900, they spent $700 on building a two-story frame house for their family, which included children Harry and Lydia.
The family moved to 745 Walnut St. before 1903 after Lydia married Joseph Yellowlee. On the 1906 Sanborn map, their property is marked as F.B., which was an abbreviation used on the maps for “Female Boarding” or a place of prostitution. However, we don’t know who lived there or their type of employment. Joseph and Lydia sold the land to the Colorado & Southern Railway Company in 1910 for $3,000. The buildings were demolished in July of that year.
13
Penfield Tate II Municipal Building
The Denver and Interurban substation was constructed in 1910. The substation used coal to provide 300 kW of power for the electric trains that ran down Pearl St. until 1926. Between 1926 and 1931 the building was used as a bus garage. After 1931, the building was used for various commercial purposes including OK Rubber Welders in 1933.
In 1944, the city again hired Saco R. DeBoer, the Denver-based city planner who advised the city on the location of the Bandshell. The Planning and Parks Commission asked DeBoer for a proposal to restudy the zoning code and map (which DeBoer wrote in 1928) and to select a site for a new city hall. DeBoer chose this site as part of his overall plan to create a focal point for municipal activity. James Hunter designed the new city hall building and construction began in 1951.
The substation was demolished around 1962, when the city constructed an addition to the rear of the Municipal Building. The addition was designed by Hobart D. Wagener.
The Municipal Building was designated as a landmark in 2009 and renamed the Penfield Tate II Municipal Building in 2020 in honor of the former major.
14
1042 Water St.
In 1893, Maryetta Kingsley purchased 1042 Water St., including the buildings, for $200 from Frank Weisenhorn, who owned the Boulder City Brewing Company at the corner of 9 th Street and Arapahoe Avenue. By 1895, the house is marked on the map as “Female Boarding” and included buildings and a tent. A new brick building was constructed between 1895 and 1900 at the front of the lot next to the train tracks. It was the only masonry building on the block, and is shown in pink on the Sanborn Fire Insurance maps to identify it as “masonry.”
In 1900, Maria Page (born in 1874), Claude Shields (born in 1864) and Emma Connell (born in 1864) lived at 1042 Water St. The property is listed in the 1900 Census as a “Fancy House,” and it’s believed that the women who lived there were prostitutes. However, by 1910, the house was the residence of Charlie and Aggie Beasler and their three children, Bettie, Laurie and Elud. The family was Black and originally from Tennessee. Charlie was a Teamster.
By 1918, this land was targeting for acquisition. Mrs. Louise Cheney Buckingham, one of the first Park Commissioners remembered the area: “… right across from where the City Building is now was kind of a depression area. The railroad, or course, ran through there and their land adjoined city property. …”
The buildings were photographed from the rear in 1919 to promote the “clean up” of the area for a municipal park. Shortly after, Chas Cheney purchased the property in a tax sale for $8.
In the 1920 Federal Census, there are three households listed at 1042 Water St.: George Huff, was born in Missouri in 1870 and was a wall-paper hanger by trade. John R. Bay and his wife Emma L. Bay also lived on the property with four of their children, Leslie, Lena, Eugine and John, Jr. John, Sr was also born in Missouri in 1869 and worked as a laborer. Emma Birge, who was born in Iowa in 1867, also lived there. She was employed doing “housework by the day.”
Chas Cheney sold the property to the City of Boulder for $1 in 1925 and the buildings were demolished in 1928.
15
1036 Water St.
Maryetta Kingsley was a long-term resident of the area and owned at least four different lots along Water St., including this lot at 1036 Water St. In 1895, Maryetta lived here along with Anna Louthridge (listed as a Black maid in the City Directory), Mrs. Rose Miller and daughter Ruby, John G Springs (listed in the directory as a miner) and Mrs. Mary C. Thayer.
In the 1910 Census, John and Nora Thomas lived here. John was born in 1882 in Ohio and was Black. He worked as a laborer. Nora was born in 1888 in Kansas, and was also Black. Three lodgers were listed in the census alongside them: Wiss Geary (also a laborer), Louise Geary (a cook for a private family) and Monroe Fort. The neighborhood residents at this time were primarily Black, with Henry Coffin the only white resident listed on the censes. Henry Coffin was born in 1835 in Maine and lived at the rear of the property.
By 1922, Peter Shaff (a laborer) and wife Ruby D Shaff lived here. Ruby L Shaff sold the property to the City of Boulder in 1928 for $1,000. The buildings were demolished shortly after.
16
1034 Water St.
In 1890, Mollie G. Gordon owned 1034 Water St. Mollie was a Black woman born in Missouri in 1844. She is listed as a widow with two children in the 1900 Census, but there are no records of her children living with her on Water St. Her occupation is listed as laundress in the 1900 Census. She’s also listed as a “domestic” in the 1903 City Directory. She lived here until she died in 1904.
Four days before her death, Mollie Gordon sold the house to Caroline and Nancy Mills Poindexter for $400. The Poindexters sold the property to Mrs. J F Lynott for $600 in 1904, who then sold the property to Virginia Belle Burns, a.k.a. Virginia Belle Johnson, in 1906 for $500. Virginia, who went by Jennie, moved from 1140 Water St. one block east in 1910. Jennie sold the house and land to the city in 1928 for $750 and moved out, but we don't know where she went after that.
17
1032 Water St.
After the 1894 flood, a house was built on the lot at 1032 Water St. By 1900, a second house was built even though the train track from the 10 th St. railway bridge cut through the front of the property. Both buildings are marked in 1900 as F. B., the abbreviation used on the maps for “Female Boarding” or a place of prostitution. However, we don’t know who lived there or their type of employment.
In 1910, the Federal Census lists Harry and Susie Hall and their son Thomas Nichols (age 13) as residents. The Halls were originally from Mississippi and Kentucky. Harry worked as a section hand for the railroad. John and Sarah Robinson also lived on the property with Reba Irvine (age 5). Both families were Black.
In 1922, Chester McClelland, his wife Ida V. and their grandchildren Cliffton (age 9) and Gladdis Blurton (age 5) lived at 1032 Water St.
The Morse Brothers Machinery & Supply Company (based in Denver) owned lots 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 in Block 11 and sold the lots and other land to the City of Boulder for $3,000 in 1921. All buildings on the lots were demolished in 1922. The McClelland family moved to Goss St.
By 1937, tennis courts and a softball park were built on the block, but it is not known how long these facilities remained. When the new public library was constructed in 1961 the area was paved and used as a parking lot.
Thank You
Thank you to Historic Boulder, Inc.; Friends of the Bandshell; Friends of the Teahouse; Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder; Boulder Historical Society/Museum of Boulder; Boulder County Latino History Project; Denver Public Library; Library of Congress; United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site; Peter Pollock and many others.
