Texas Orphan Oil and Gas Wells

Assessing Potential Groundwater Contamination in Texas from Orphaned Wells

Texas, infamous for its rampant oil and gas development, has seen over a million wells drilled, posing significant environmental risks.

Texas Oil and Gas Wells by County 2024

There are nearly 9,000 documented wells that are left abandoned and unplugged, with estimates reaching 150,000 in Texas alone.

What are Orphan Oil and Gas Wells?

This Retired Oil Exec Wants to Plug Up Millions of Abandoned Wells Across the US

Orphan oil wells are non-producing unplugged oil and gas wells that have been abandoned by the oil industry.

Texas Orphan Oil and Gas Wells 2024

Unplugged wells can leak oil and hazardous chemicals into ground water supply that livestock, agriculture, and rural communities rely on. These hazardous chemicals include:

•Benzene

•Toluene

•Ethylbenzene

•Xylenes

Why protecting Texas's ground water is important.

Water is crucial in Texas due to its significant environmental, economic, and social roles. Agriculture, a cornerstone of the state's economy, relies heavily on water for irrigation of crops like cotton, corn, and wheat, as well as for livestock, which need water for drinking and sanitation.

Aquifers in Texas

Domestic water wells are private wells that provide water for household use, including drinking, cooking, bathing, washing, and irrigation of home gardens and lawns. These wells are typically owned and maintained by individual homeowners

Texas Counties Domestic Water Wells 2024

Livestock water wells are specialized wells designed to provide a reliable source of water for animals, particularly on farms and ranches. These wells are essential for ensuring that livestock such as cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and poultry have access to clean and sufficient water, which is crucial for their health, productivity, and well-being

Texas Counties Livestock Water Wells 2024

Irrigation water wells are wells specifically designed to supply water for agricultural irrigation purposes. These wells play a critical role in farming by providing a reliable source of water to irrigate crops, which is especially important in regions with limited rainfall or during dry seasons.

Texas Counties Irrigation Water Wells 2024

Examining the distribution and impact of orphan oil and gas wells versus domestic water wells reveals key differences in environmental risks, management challenges, and regulatory needs across counties.

Comparing Orphan Oil and Gas Wells to Domestic Water Wells by County

Analyzing the differences between orphan oil and gas wells and livestock water wells highlights distinct environmental impacts, management challenges, and regulatory requirements for each type of well across counties.

Comparing Orphan Oil and Gas Wells to Livestock Water Wells

Analyzing the differences between orphan oil and gas wells and irrigation water wells highlights the unique environmental impacts, management challenges, and regulatory requirements for each type of well across counties.

Comparing Orphan Oil and Gas Wells to Irrigation Water Wells

Well water contamination from leaking orphan oil wells poses significant risks to our livestock, crops, and rural communities. These maps highlight the counties with the highest potential for well water contamination. In particular, irrigation wells in Gaines, Harris, and Eastland counties require immediate testing. Wheeler County, with the highest number of orphan and livestock wells, also needs thorough testing. Additionally, Gaines and Edwards counties, which have a high percentage of domestic water well users, must be prioritized for testing. To safeguard water quality, it is crucial to plug and maintain orphan oil wells, preventing future contamination.

References

Groundwater Data | Texas Water Development Board. https://www.twdb.texas.gov/groundwater/data/drillersdb.asp.

https://geo-shsu.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=14c5450526a8430298b2fa74da12c2f4. Accessed Oct. 2022

Organization Reports (Form P-5) and Other Responsibilities. https://www.rrc.texas.gov/oil-and-gas/requirements-and-responsibilities/.

Orphan Wells with Delinquent P-5 Greater Than 12 Months. https://www.rrc.texas.gov/oil-and-gas/research-and-statistics/well-information/orphan-wells-12-months/.

Water Wells | Texas Groundwater Protection Committee. https://tgpc.texas.gov/water-wells/.

This Retired Oil Exec Wants to Plug Up Millions of Abandoned Wells Across the US.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iAf2k9b0drY