Industry
Reimagining the future of industry in Stockton
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Historical Context
Stockton residents currently face some of the worst air pollution in California with National Ambient Air Quality Standard nonattainment in the categories of PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter) as well as ozone. These pollutants lead to a poor air quality index, with numerous health impacts for local community members, including disproportionately large asthma rates. According to Stockton residents, industrial emissions are one of the top areas of concern, following heavy duty trucks and motor vehicles.
Stockton's industry today
Port
Industry
Manufacturing plants are a large source of emissions in Stockton. The main polluters are shown on the map below.
DTE
DTE is the largest PM 2.5 emitter within the AB617 boundary, so our team chose to analyze the DTE plant to determine if there were potential areas for emissions reduction.
Regulations
Enforcement Actions
Complaint Process
Solution Table
In creating our implementation plan, we considered the following evaluation criteria for our various proposals. These are rough guidelines rather than an exact formula for prioritizing actions, and it is important to note the primacy of community input when making any implementation decision. Though our method of averaging the three criteria for each proposal may not be the best optimization technique, it does provide a good starting point for choosing which solutions will best serve the AB617 community.
Criteria for ranking solutions
Economic
- Cost of implementing the solution
- Greatest benefit per dollar spent
Technological
- Quantity of emissions reduction
- Temporary or permanent solution?
- Timeline of implementation
- Successful implementation elsewhere
Community
- Environmental justice assessment for each solution
- Maximize positive health impacts
- Facilitate community-led dialogue between stakeholders
Note: In parentheses are the reasons the strategy did not get a perfect 5/5 in each category. **On a 1-5 scale, with 5 being best and 1 worst. %Community rankings are a temporary value based on criteria, working with community members will help with a more accurate value ^Averaged among categories
Timeline
Several strategies discovered by our team can extend beyond the scope of Stockton to improve accountability of industry, improve air quality, and empower community members. In particular, a balance of short and long-term solutions can result in rapid improvements to community air quality while simultaneously forging ahead with solutions that can transform industrial sectors. Among these are the port solutions, with a short-term bonnet and long-term electrification measures, and DTE solutions, with short-term baghouse filtration technology and long-term transformation into a low-emission renewable energy generator. Regulatory measures that place more responsibility on industry, such as updated complaint and inspection processes, will also aid communities like Stockton in reducing industrial pollution.
Acknowledgements
First and foremost, we are thankful for Matt Holmes and Nicholas Arosemena from Little Manilla Rising for their invaluable guidance and advice while working on this project. In addition, Professor Tina Chow and Bavisha Kalyan were extremely helpful in guiding our group through this process and providing ideas and support along the way. The rest of the CE105 class also gave excellent feedback on our reports and presentations that helped lay out future directions. Amelia Murphy and Daniel Taillant from IGSD provided valuable feedback and important considerations for our analysis. Finally, we acknowledge all parties involved in the AB617 process and the guest speakers we had in class who helped shape our project.
References
Ab, Stockton. “Community Air Monitoring Plan,” 2020.
Alto Ingredients, Inc., formerly Pacific Ethanol. “Overview Of Alto Ingredients, Inc.” 2021. Accessed April 29, 2021. https://www.pacificethanol.com/our-company .
Bennek, Robertson; Song, Ashley. "Stockton Air Pollution" 2021. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fkUZEmEdjo4uTppKPiMNV3L_EyJ_sJo5YgTyVAObFc0/edit
“California Air Resources Board Pollution Mapping Tool.” Accessed March 13, 2021. https://ww3.arb.ca.gov/ei/tools/pollution_map/ .
Dupin, Chris. “California Plans to Expand Rules Requiring Ships to Use Shore Power.” FreightWaves, 8 Jan. 2020, www.freightwaves.com/news/california-plans-to-expand-rules-requiring-ships-to-use-shore-power.
Goicoechea, Adolfo, et al. “Tackling Air Pollution and Climate Change through Energy and Buildings - Final Report.” April 23, 2021. 31. Accessed May 3, 2021. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1wp2qFP-_uM1je1KrL2_Wr2wZZTwErGHRCh1_6Vee_C8/edit .
https://fox40.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/02/promo278992020.jpg?w=640. Accessed May 8, 2021.
https://www.dtepowerandindustrial.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/BTW9609_copy.jpg. Accessed April 29, 2021.
“Lodi Energy Center, California, US - Power Technology | Energy News and Market Analysis.” Power Technology. Accessed April 29, 2021. https://www.power-technology.com/projects/lodi-energy-center-california-us/ .
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. “Natural Gas Storage.” Accessed April 29, 2021. https://www.pge.com/en_US/safety/gas-safety/natural-gas-storage.page .
U.S. Department of Commerce. “U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Stockton City, California.” Accessed April 23, 2021. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/stocktoncitycalifornia/PST045219#qf-flag-X .