Delaware’s Free Black Communities

Dalleo, Peter. " The Growth of Delaware's Antebellum Free African American Community." University of Delaware. Last modified June 27, 1997.

Marks, Carole C. "A History of African Americans of Delaware and Maryland's Eastern Shore." Delaware Public Archives. Accessed July 31, 2020. archives.delaware.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/156/2018/08/A-History-of-African-Americans-of-Delaware-and-Marylands-Eastern-Shore.pdf

Sheppard, Rebecca J., Kimberly Toney, Rebecca Koch, Keonna Greene, Allison Olsen, Rachel Selway, Rebecca Downes, Emily Bunce, Sarah Laurel, Elizabeth Protokowicz, Ted Triandos, Ann Fangman, Milil Joshi. Reconstructing Delaware’s Free Black Communities, 1800-1870. Delaware: Center for Historic Architecture and Design University of Delaware, 2010.  http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/5647 .

Skelcher, Bradley. "African American Education in Delaware A History though Photographs, 1865-1940." Delaware Public Archives. Accessed July 13, 2020.  https://archives.delaware.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/156/2018/08/African-American-Education-in-Delaware.pdf .

Toney, Kimberley. “In Consideration of Divers Good Causes: The Development and Persistence of a Free Black Community in Laurel, Delaware 1800-1900.” Master’s Thesis, University of Delaware, 2009.