Historical Wharves

A record of the County’s early economic development.

BIRD'S EYE VIEW of ANNAPOLIS ROYAL & GRANVILLE, NOVA SCOTIA, 1878 by T. M. Fowler
BIRD'S EYE VIEW of ANNAPOLIS ROYAL & GRANVILLE, NOVA SCOTIA, 1878 by T. M. Fowler

 BIRD'S EYE VIEW of ANNAPOLIS ROYAL & GRANVILLE, NOVA SCOTIA, 1878 by T. M. Fowler 

A Good Harbour

The tidal range on the Annapolis River is significant enough to impact ship access to the shore. With the construction of wharves and piers, Annapolis Royal became an important regional port in the 19th century. Located at the terminus of the Windsor and Annapolis Royal Railway the port was used to export apples, fish and lumber. As businesses prospered the wharves and piers eventually spanned both shores of the Annapolis River.


Explore the History

Today many of the wharves and piers are nothing more than piles of stones and timber beams sticking out of the bottom of the river during low tide. Today only the Dominion Railway Wharf remains and a part of the Queen's Wharf reaches out into the Annapolis River. Explore the historical wharves and piers in the map tour below.

Remnants of the Queen's Wharf

Remnants of the Queen's Wharf

Foster Wharf

W. McCormicks and Sons Wharf

A.W. Corbitt's Wharf

A.W. Corbitt's Wharf

Dominion Railway Wharf

View of Railway Wharf from Town.

Ship alongside Railway Wharf

Gavaza Wharf

Pickles & Mills Wharf

Pickles & Mills High Water Wharf

Ferry Slip, Annapolis Royal

Name Unknown

Name Unknown

Acadian Pier

Whitman's Company Pier

Acadian Pier

Annapolis-Granville Bridge Remnants

Remains of Abutment for Annapolis Granville Bridge

Annapolis-Granville Bridge Abutment

Annapolis-Granville Bridge

Annapolis-Granville Bridge (1921)

Bridge after collapse of the first section

Annapolis-Granville Bridge - Being Demolished

Swing Span for Annapolis - Granville Bridge

Annapolis Royal - Granville Ferry Bridge

Neville Wharf

John Mills #1

John Mills #2

Granville Ferry Slip

Wharf Behind John Brittain's

Fletcher Reed Wharf

Widow Dunn Wharf

Caribbean Wharf

Willet / Collin Wharf

Johnson Creek Wharf

Remnants of the Queen's Wharf

Amidst political upheaval and in times of war and peace, the focal point of early waterfront activities was a T-shaped wharf located near the glacis of Fort Anne. Known variably as the King's or Queen's Wharf, this facility was the terminus for all of the ordnance packets, dispatch boats, sloops, snows and transports which brought troops and supplies to the garrison and conducted other government missions. On the civilian side of the coin, the old garrison wharf provided the first gateway to Nova Scotia for many an independent merchant trader, adventurer, and prospective settler. Prior to 1870, all steamers arriving at Annapolis docked at the Queen's wharf formally known as the King's wharf. The King's wharf changed gender in 1837 when Queen Victoria Ascended to the British throne.

Remnants of the Queen's Wharf

Town Hall and Fort Anne grounds can be seen in the background.

Foster Wharf

The remains of this wharf are situated between the Queen's Wharf and the McCormick Wharf as you travel NE along the waterfront.

W. McCormicks and Sons Wharf

The close of the Civil War found several family-owned commercial establishments solidly entrenched on the Annapolis waterfront. Those directly connected with whipping were William McCormick & Sons, A.W. Corbitt & Son, Joseph Foster, Thomas Gavaza & Sons, and the firm of Rick & Hardwick. Each firm boasted a high water wharf and owned outright or was managing owner of at least one brig or trading schooner. (Armstrong P., Wagner M., 2000)

A.W. Corbitt's Wharf

The close of the Civil War found several family-owned commercial establishments solidly entrenched on the Annapolis waterfront. Those directly connected with whipping were William McCormick & Sons, A.W. Corbitt & Son, Joseph Foster, Thomas Gavaza & Sons, and the firm of Rick & Hardwick. Each firm boasted a high water wharf and owned outright or was managing owner of at least one brig or trading schooner. (Armstrong P., Wagner M., 2000)

A.W. Corbitt's Wharf

One of the two A.W. Corbitt's wharves.

Dominion Railway Wharf

In 1869, the completion of the Windsor & Annapolis railway and the construction of the railway wharf brought sweeping changes to the port of Annapolis.

The railway wharf jutted out over 350 feet into the river with the outer T providing a landing stage at any tide level. Three lines of spur tracks with a crossover ran the full length of the wharf, thus ensuring the prompt transfer of passengers, mail, and freight from vessel to rail. Annapolis became the gateway to the entire valley. (Armstrong P., Wagner M., 2000)

View of Railway Wharf from Town.

After the completion of the rail Annapolis became the gateway to the entire valley. Three lines of spur tracks with a crossover ran the full length of the wharf, thus ensuring the prompt transfer of passengers, mail, and freight from vessel to rail. (Armstrong P., Wagner M., 2000)

Ship alongside Railway Wharf

Gavaza Wharf

The close of the Civil War found several family-owned commercial establishments solidly entrenched on the Annapolis waterfront. Those directly connected with shipping were William McCormick & Sons, A.W. Corbitt & Sons, Joseph Foster, Thomas Gavaza & Sons, and the firm of Rick & Hardwick. Each firm boasted a high water wharf and owned outright or was managing owner of at least one brig or trading schooner.(Armstrong P., Wagner M., 2000)

Pickles & Mills Wharf

The mercantile, lumbering and shipping firm of Pickles and Mills was another great success story of the Annapolis Royal waterfront. Pickles and Mills was founded in 1871 by Captain Christopher Dunn Pickles and Albert Douglas Mills, two Granville men who quickly recognized the potential of the new port facilities in Annapolis Royal. The partners lost no time in purchasing the former Rice & Hardwick business stand on Lower Saint George Street, which included a large general store, warehouses, and its own high water wharf. Strategically located within a stone's throw of the railway wharf, the Pickles and Mills General Store and Ship Chandlers soon became a popular gathering place for the seafaring fraternity from both sides of the river.

Pickles & Mills High Water Wharf

Ferry Slip, Annapolis Royal

The Ferry Wharf was directly in front of the O'Dell Inn. It can be seen in the foreground, yellow building with red trim.

Name Unknown

The remains of this wharf lie between the Ferry Wharf and the Acadia Pier. At the present time we have not been able to identify a name for this wharf.

Name Unknown

The remains of this wharf lie between Ferry Wharf and Acadia Pier. At the present time we have not been able to identify a name for this wharf.

Acadian Pier

To Laurence Delap and Thomas S. Whitman, the obvious future of the apple export trade lay in the establishment of a direct steamship service between the ports of Annapolis and London, England. The Acadia Steamship Company became a reality on March 31, 1818 (Chapter 53 of the Legislative Acts of the Dominion Parliament, 1881). The Act of Incorporation empowered the new company to own real estate on which to erect piers, warehouses and sheds, and steamships and vessels for general transportation purposes, and particularly to run to and from Annapolis Royal and ports in the United Kingdom. Lawrence Delap supervised the construction of the waterfront terminals. These included a pier sufficient in length to provide a 30 foot depth of water at low tide, two warehouses (one of wood and the other of frost-proof brick) and a mile of spur railway tracks across the town marsh to link the new pier to the main line of the Windsor and Annapolis Railway.

Whitman's Company Pier

The warehouse of the Acadia Steamship Company was opened for traffic on December 12, 1881. The following from the Halifax Chronicle Files give some indication of the scope of shipping activity: The British steamer Copia cleared from Annapolis yesterday with a cargo of 8000 barrels of apples for the London market (May 2, 1882); The steamer Cedar Grove will take 5000 barrels of apples from Annapolis to England on her next trip (November 2, 1884); The steamer Oceana has been chartered to load another cargo of apples at Annapolis for London Direct (March 7, 1884).

The pier later became known as a Acadia Pier.

Acadian Pier

Around 1891, Thomas Whitman purchased the Acadia Pier and channeled his energies into a new direction the processing and marketing of dried apples on an international scale. He converted the piers big red warehouse into an evaporating plant, installing up-to-date equipment, and developed his own technique for processing and packaging. For the next three or four years, the firm of Whitman & Sons shipped quantities of dried apples to markets both at home and abroad.

Annapolis-Granville Bridge Remnants

This photo shows what is left of the Annapolis Granville Bridge abutment on the Annapolis side, taken a low tide.

Remains of Abutment for Annapolis Granville Bridge

This photo was taken looking towards Granville Ferry.

Annapolis-Granville Bridge Abutment

Annapolis Granville Bridge Abutment The contract for the steel superstructure was awarded to the Dominion Bridge Company of Montreal. They assembled the 870 tons of steel required for the bridge at the former shipyard site on Hog Island. Construction began in May, 1921 with official opening on November 17th and a final cost of $317,000. When completed each of the ten spans was rolled down onto two big scows, both of which were provided with an engine to control the mooring lines. When a span was afloat on the scows, it was warped into position just before high tide so that it would settle into place as the tide fell. The largest span was 294 feet long and weighed 264 tons with the total length of bridge coming to 1,360 feet. The bridge was in operation until June 9, 1960, during construction of the Annapolis River Causeway, when a small span dropped into the river. A ferry service was re-established until October while work on the Causeway was speeded up. (The Annapolis Heritage Society)

Annapolis-Granville Bridge

The contract for the steel superstructure was awarded to the Dominion Bridge Company of Montreal. They assembled the 870 tons of steel required for the bridge at the former shipyard site on Hog Island. Construction began in May, 1921 with official opening on November 17th and a final cost of $317,000. When completed each of the ten spans was rolled down onto two big scows, both of which were provided with an engine to control the mooring lines. When a span was afloat on the scows, it was warped into position just before high tide so that it would settle into place as the tide fell. The largest span was 294 feet long and weighed 264 tons with the total length of bridge coming to 1,360 feet. The bridge was in operation until June 9, 1960, during construction of the Annapolis River Causeway, when a small span dropped into the river. A ferry service was re-established until October while work on the Causeway was speed up.

Annapolis-Granville Bridge (1921)

Bridge after collapse of the first section

Annapolis-Granville Bridge - Being Demolished

Swing Span for Annapolis - Granville Bridge

Annapolis Royal - Granville Ferry Bridge

Neville Wharf

John Mills #1

Also known as Amberman's Wharf.

John Mills #2

Granville Ferry Slip

Annapolis Royal in the background.

Wharf Behind John Brittain's

Also known as Amberman's Wharf.

Fletcher Reed Wharf

Widow Dunn Wharf

Caribbean Wharf

Willet / Collin Wharf

Johnson Creek Wharf

This wharf was part of the Mills Shipyard.


Old Wharves

Overview of town and waterfront of Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia.

 Overview of town and waterfront of Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia. 

This aerial view of the waterfront in Annapolis Royal in 1931 showing the old wharfs. It can be noted that a number appear to be in disrepair. This is likely due in a large part because in 1891, the completion of the missing rail link between Digby and Annapolis ended Annapolis Royal's advantage as a terminal port. The Saint John steamers unloaded passengers and freight at Digby, while Yarmouth became the port for the Boston service.


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